Sowing

Papaya plantation

                      

About 250-300g seeds are sufficient for a hectare. The seedlings can be raised in nursery-beds 3m long, 1m wide and 10cm high as well as in pots or polythene bags the seeds should be sown 1cm deep in rows 10cm apart and covered with fine compost or leaf-mouth. Light watering should be done with water can in the morning. The nursery-beds may be covered with polythene sheet or dry paddy straw to protect seedlings. Tender seedlings should also be protected from heavy rainfall. Dusting of insecticides to protect the seedlings against insect pests is also advised. Damping off is most serious disease. Treating seeds with 0.1% monsoon (phenyl mercury acetate) ceresin, agro san or thiram dust before sowing is the best preventive measure to check it. The nursery-beds should also be treated with 5% formaldehyde solution before sowing. If disease appears in the nursery, Bordeaux mixture (1%) or copper ox chloride (0.2%) should be sprayed.

The seedlings raised in polythene bags stand transplanting better than those raised in seed-beds perforated polythene bags of 20cm x15cm size of 150-200 gauges can be used as a container. They are filled with a mixture of farmyard manure, soil and in equal proportion. Four to five seeds are sown in each bag. After germination only three seedlings are retained.

The seedlings may be transferred to nursery-beds or pots or polythene bags to avoid overcrowding and further check of growth of. This is also done when the field is not ready for planting. Generally

15-20 cm tall seedlings become ready for planting in about two months.

Field preparation since papaya does not withstand water logging; a well-drained upland should be selected for its cultivation. Its plants are also sensitive to strong winds. In open and high-lying areas, where plants are exposed to strong winds or storm, suitable windbreaks are essential to protect them. Such windbreaks also save the trees to a great extent from damage caused by cold winds or frost. The seedlings are planted in pits of 60cmx60cm size. The pits are dug about 15 days before in summer and filled with top soil along with 20kg farmyard manure ,1kg neem or karanja cake and 1kg bone-meal or fish-meal, tall and vigorous varieties are planted at greater spacing , while medium and dwarf ones at closer spacing.

Papaya seed sowing              

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